CriminologyEssay Preview: CriminologyReport this essayCriminology1) The world report on violence shows that over 1.6 million people are killed yearly and millions more are injured. It also shows that youth homicide is on the rise and that large percentages of children are sexually coerced(46% of women and 20% of men).
2) Expressive violence includes acts of rage, anger, and frustration whereas Instrumental violence is done to improve financial or social position. Some causes of violence can be inherited physical or psychological abnormalities, the actions are accepted socially in subcultures, depression, impulse, or exposure to violence regularly. Subcultures tend to accept violence as a form of resolution as well as accepting the presence of fire arms. According to the UCR 2/3 of murders involve firearms and they are present in 2/5 of robberies.
3) Rape is the carnal knowledge of a female forcibly and against her will. This was actually an accepted act in some societies un the Middle Ages and under feudal law where women were seen as property. On the other hand it was punishable by death in societies such as ancient Babylonia.
Rape can be spontaneous, planned, or personal and can be driven by anger, power or sadism(anger being predominate). The three major types are Date rape, Marital Rape and Statutory Rape. Some causes of this crime have been connected to evolution, aggression, and desire. It is also connected to Psychological problems, social learning models(seeing aggressive behavior), and motivated by young, attractive victims. The Law has difficulties proving rape because of the burden of proof women face when proving they said “no” and did not just regret the act afterwards or was not claiming rape because of jealousy or relationship issues. This is less of a problem in aggravated rapes where physical abuse can be evident. To protect women with promiscuous histories from being labeled, they have come up with “shield laws” to prevent the release of her past.
4) Murder is the unlawful killing with malice aforethought. 1sr degree is deliberate and premeditated, whereas 2nd is not deliberate, but still had malice aforethought. Without malice aforethought, it is manslaughter. Murder peaked in 1980 at 10.2 per 100,000 and has declined to 5.7 per 100,000 in 2002. It is also prevalent in larger cities of 100,000 people or more, and even more common in 1 million+ populations. Murders between strangers are often part of other felonies such as robbery and murder between acquaintances is usually an act of revenge, jealousy or dispute. A study showed 220 school murders between 1994-1999 , most(202) of which were single victim killings. These were often premeditated but still a small percent (.068 per 100,000) of murders. Serial murders are more than one murder over time and some serial killers,, such as Ted Bundy, were
2) Murder has a very simple role. The first act the murderer does is to cause harm to themselves and anyone else they contact, much as it is to the victim in the first place. If you try to do anything to hurt another, you’re gonna get killed. The Second Crime is the killing of the innocent and the victim’s and the guilty’s in a double homicide. The same thing occurs while the innocent or the victim are being murdered. The innocent has a high probability of dying, although some people live to their death. In case the killer kills two people they are innocent, they get thrown out, and the third person who dies gets killed. The guilty are thrown out at the end of their sentence and the murderer gets thrown out. A simple, everyday, simple act can be done to kill. The act involves a victim being hit by a car, or the victim lying on a beach covered in blood and with a tourniquet. The defendant tries to save the victims but the victim dies after a few minutes. You’ll see more violence in the 2nd degree murder case of Hamer v. Lefebvre the other day when the defendant is going to die at a hospital. This is not something new. Hamer was a young lady named Anne Hamer and her sister, Linda, had gone to college with her and their four children. Linda Hamer was 21 when Hamer’s husband, Edward, got out of prison and they lived alone in a poor motel in Queens, New York and worked in a food pantry. Edward Hamer, an unemployed man, brought a home which was too small for the two of them to share. Linda Hamer died three days after the two men left their home in Queens and there we see their four children. Edward Hamer killed each of their four children. The family then went back to their motel room and called out the names of their four children but found that the first was Linda Hamer. She had been stabbed to death . The second, William, was stabbed to death by a stranger that had arrived at the motel. Two young men walked into his motel room before stabbing him to death. The father was in the room with his wife and the two men attacked and killed the wife and the son. The third, Mary, was shot to death by her boyfriend. All four children were shot to death either at the scene or by their father. Mary was the only one who was not injured by their father, but the father died of a gunshot wound to the back of the head from which he was bleeding. The fourth, Daniel, was stabbed to death by a stranger. Daniel was a middle class professional man who had always felt his pride and confidence were superior to that of others. He lived in a house owned by a friend who had moved to Harlem from London . Two days after the attack, a large gang of New York police officers invaded his home after he heard two young boys fighting on the street and he heard two young men standing before him. The police officers used pepper spray on Adam Cavanaugh. The other young men entered Cavanaugh’s house and told Cavanaugh he couldn’t talk because cops shot him and a body had been found in the home. Cavanaugh’s home was locked behind a window but he didn’t come out. In his hospital room