Equality in EduacationEssay Preview: Equality in EduacationReport this essayGoing grocery shopping, taking medicine, filling out applications are task Americans do everyday. However, can you imagine not being able to do these things all because you cannot read and/or write? Or can you imagine being told that because of your skin tone you are incapable of learning? Illiteracy was also used as a trap because it is known that education is freedom and not being about to read and write was just another leash to keep slaves and other African Americans in captivity. All before W.E.B DuBois and Booker T. Washington, there were people, African Americans dying and getting beaten because they wanted to learn. Seeking books from the Masters homes, and having to learn behind closed doors. Then, even as times changed and they were permitted to learn. Most of the African American children had to drop out to help support their families. However, nowadays there schools are pressing the issues that “No Child Should Be Left Behind” and that slogan doesnt just apply to a certain race or ethnicity. Being that school/college are more diverse and everyone is getting the chance to learn the illiteracy rate among African Americans has decreased tremendously since the 1800s to now.
One of the foremost uses of the laws prohibiting literacy was to help further the stereotypes of the mid nineteenth century. It was then vital to the institution of slavery to keep the entire black race uneducated, because it would pose all too much of a risk for any black person to be able to organize against slavery. He would at once become unmanageable, and of no value to his master. This specific declaration demonstrates not only the oppression of the minds of slaves, but of free blacks as well. Foner explains the Negro Convention Movement, or the broadening education of blacks as inevitable that this development would lead to a realization among the Negro people that their ultimate victory lay in an integrated program representing a national viewpoint.
HISTORY
According to The African American Rights Act of 1866, this is the only law passed to remove and eliminate illiteracy in both white and African-Americans.
The National Committee On Education, then known as the NAACP, also passed the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
This bill, passed with overwhelming bipartisan support in the South, passed with an overwhelming margin of 270-290 electoral votes.[14]
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 was the first act to require schools in the “underdeveloped and free republic” of the South to teach black subjects as well as to remove illiteracy.
A National Review op-ed in May, 1996 reported:
[A] new study, prepared for the White House by then-White House counsel Michael D. Cohen, and conducted by a group of experts in education policy, finds that while public schools are doing a very good job of educating and educating the general public, the public’s failure to understand that the public schools have not done a great job of remedying illiteracy in their public schools has the consequence that, if it continues with the current policies of educational segregation, the average American will receive an education that is the same as of any state or the private sector. This disparity, the report finds, creates challenges for public schools and also can create public problems for any private school.[15]
Despite the passage of this bill and the growing involvement of the nation’s biggest educational institutions in perpetuating a racially and economically disenfranchised South, the White House defended the legislation to an audience of mostly Republicans as part of its campaign to preserve the institution of government under the American presidency.[16]
The most recent attempt to correct the record of the legislation by Republican presidential candidates is John McCain’s (R-AZ) effort to defund the Department of Education and replace it with a “public choice” school voucher program that the president and most conservatives say amounts to an un-Americanized program that has become increasingly out of date.
This legislation was part of a bipartisan effort among Democrats to pass the education resolution of the Senate and the House to reform the administration of education in the U.S., a move that led to a series of political and financial setbacks for the bill.[17]
The bills passed by the Senate included a total of 17 appropriations bills that were designed to fund the Department of Education, the Department of Housing and Urban Development, and other necessary federal programsâincluding the National Science Foundation’s Grant of Early Childhood Education, the National Association for Disability Rights, the Social Security Disability Insurance Program (SED), and the Education Department’s Office of the Superintendent of Public Instruction.
In 1995, Congress did just the same thing, passing an act to fund the Education Department and eliminate it altogether.[18]
In 2002, the Education Department, along with other federal agency offices, was dissolved, under the heading “Education for All,” during a period of considerable dysfunction.
By the end of this century, there are approximately 40 million people employed in the United States today,
HISTORY
According to The African American Rights Act of 1866, this is the only law passed to remove and eliminate illiteracy in both white and African-Americans.
The National Committee On Education, then known as the NAACP, also passed the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
This bill, passed with overwhelming bipartisan support in the South, passed with an overwhelming margin of 270-290 electoral votes.[14]
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 was the first act to require schools in the “underdeveloped and free republic” of the South to teach black subjects as well as to remove illiteracy.
A National Review op-ed in May, 1996 reported:
[A] new study, prepared for the White House by then-White House counsel Michael D. Cohen, and conducted by a group of experts in education policy, finds that while public schools are doing a very good job of educating and educating the general public, the public’s failure to understand that the public schools have not done a great job of remedying illiteracy in their public schools has the consequence that, if it continues with the current policies of educational segregation, the average American will receive an education that is the same as of any state or the private sector. This disparity, the report finds, creates challenges for public schools and also can create public problems for any private school.[15]
Despite the passage of this bill and the growing involvement of the nation’s biggest educational institutions in perpetuating a racially and economically disenfranchised South, the White House defended the legislation to an audience of mostly Republicans as part of its campaign to preserve the institution of government under the American presidency.[16]
The most recent attempt to correct the record of the legislation by Republican presidential candidates is John McCain’s (R-AZ) effort to defund the Department of Education and replace it with a “public choice” school voucher program that the president and most conservatives say amounts to an un-Americanized program that has become increasingly out of date.
This legislation was part of a bipartisan effort among Democrats to pass the education resolution of the Senate and the House to reform the administration of education in the U.S., a move that led to a series of political and financial setbacks for the bill.[17]
The bills passed by the Senate included a total of 17 appropriations bills that were designed to fund the Department of Education, the Department of Housing and Urban Development, and other necessary federal programsâincluding the National Science Foundation’s Grant of Early Childhood Education, the National Association for Disability Rights, the Social Security Disability Insurance Program (SED), and the Education Department’s Office of the Superintendent of Public Instruction.
In 1995, Congress did just the same thing, passing an act to fund the Education Department and eliminate it altogether.[18]
In 2002, the Education Department, along with other federal agency offices, was dissolved, under the heading “Education for All,” during a period of considerable dysfunction.
By the end of this century, there are approximately 40 million people employed in the United States today,
Hearing his masters justification for repressing the black mind led Douglass to realize the importance of literacy as the gateway to freedom. Through decades of cruelty, the spirit of the African American mind was almost entirely broken to fit a mold of the least resistance.
The United States of America has always stood as the land of opportunity, the land of equality; however, the African American journey toward cultural equality has been a complex and laborious one that still continues today. The passing of the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments in the second half of the 19th century did not instantly bring about equal rights and liberties. Instead, the country remained solidly divided upon racial lines, which favored white people, and were only solidified with Supreme Court decisions, and the individual states endorsement of the Jim Crow laws. However, not all African Americans believed the answer to equality was in desegregation. W.E.B. DuBois, founder of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (N.A.A.C.P.), believed that the current “separate but equal” policies could be used for the advancement of the community as a whole, and integrating the schools would only have a negative impact on black childrens educations. He asserted that the best way for blacks to hope to achieve equality with other Americans would be through concentrated pursuit of the equal portion of the clause. In the 1950s DuBois own N.A.A.C.P. took on the Plessy decision articulating that “To endure bad schools and wrong educations because the schools are Ămixed is a costly if not fatal mistake” (DuBois)