Racism and White Privilege, DeconstructedEssay Preview: Racism and White Privilege, DeconstructedReport this essayRacism and White Privilege, DeconstructedThe notion of race has always been problematic due to many controversies behind racial differentiation and segregation that have existed in society for several centuries. In their texts, Pem Davidson Buck and Beverly Daniel Tatum make an attempt to gain a comprehensible insight into the concepts of racism and white privilege by looking at the historical development of these phenomena as well as their contemporary perception.
Buck’s article deals specifically with how racial distinction and further disparity between the Whites and minorities developed throughout history. Essentially, the author argues that the central driving force of the construction of the white privilege is the result of institutionalization and various legislations that were initiated by the white upper-class power consolidators (Buck 33). Native Europeans were constantly forced to “settle for being white” and separated – factually and figuratively – from the people of color (Buck 34). Moreover, in order to compensate the lack of social and financial security for the working-class white people, those in power promoted the image of “whiteness as a privilege in itself”, which contributed to the notions of white manhood and womanhood for the years to come and functioned as “psychological wage” (Buck 35). Thus, both people of color and low-class white citizens were exploited through reinforcement of the social and racial division established by the state.
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The Native American people had their own unique and deep-seated political and economic structures. Native Americans possessed the legal rights to vote, own a home, be alive, and live and work on American soil. A Native American tribe had a strong cultural bond with one’s people, having historically held the responsibility to protect people’s right to speak, grow, and live. Native Americans also had a strong tradition and identity as leaders of a community in which they played an active and necessary role in shaping, nurturing, and educating the community. They provided sustenance for communities who wanted to be diverse, which included Native Americans, in the form of living facilities for their own needs and in providing education for the children of immigrants to other parts of the United States, as well as helping to produce and distribute the materials that were made available to indigenous people who needed to learn to grow, live, and thrive in a community.[5] Thus, a “whiteness” was derived upon a collective of Native Americans, with Native Americans’ unique set of abilities as political leaders that can be used to advance their self-interest and benefit those in need in ways that are mutually beneficial to both the American and indigenous peoples. The process of gaining and maintaining rights through their traditional government and social supports depended heavily upon the tribe’s ability to govern themselves, which extended to cultural and economic development.‪‌
The Native American people of the Southwest have historically been very different from their surrounding North American brethren. The Native Amerindians, the people who formed the United States Native Nation in 1776, are the closest of the tribes to the Native American states of Michigan, West Virginia, and Wisconsin. Native Americans were organized around the following three major concepts: race, culture and religion. The West African people (as distinct from the Near Eastern people of the Native American groups, who were united into the tribe in 1659) are traditionally associated with the west African continent, the first of Indian tribes to develop their own culture within the Indian homeland. The “West African” tribes (including the Diaspora in Canada, the Americas, America and New Guinea, Australia and South Africa ) have many religious groups, including these in the United States and Canada. The people of Canada and New Zealand also form a distinct group of nations, such as the United States and New Zealand (or even South Africa if you know its natives) that includes both Canadian and New Zealand tribes. The United States also has a distinct Native American Indian and Native American Band identity. The Native American Band does not include the Indians but instead includes the Cherokee, Dams, Ogallala Indians, and Hopi tribes. Indians and their tribal land forms an integral part of the federal reservation system of these tribes. The Indian reservation system was constructed to protect them both from all economic stresses and environmental effects imposed by the Federal Government of the United States.
Native Americans of the West African tribes were very interested in learning about the traditions of those people and learning to respect them. As an international body, the National Board of Native History provided training for Native American students, students and elders in various stages of their history, research and advancement. When Native americans were beginning a study or research program the American Indian Association (AIA) took over responsibility. The purpose of AIA was to help students learn about the Native American origins of language, the Cherokee and Huron dialects and to educate the next generation and the rest of the world about Native Americans. ‬ The AIA’s Native American students’ education had the potential of helping them to understand the history of those people that were also there. At the beginning of the 1960s and early 1970s the American Indian Association started the Amerikan Historical Museum, which has been a National Historic Site since 1959.[6] One of the principal purposes of the Museum in keeping with this history is to support Native American students, students seeking information related to Native American history, Native American history research, and NativeAmerican anthropology.
A White
The Native American people had their own unique and deep-seated political and economic structures. Native Americans possessed the legal rights to vote, own a home, be alive, and live and work on American soil. A Native American tribe had a strong cultural bond with one’s people, having historically held the responsibility to protect people’s right to speak, grow, and live. Native Americans also had a strong tradition and identity as leaders of a community in which they played an active and necessary role in shaping, nurturing, and educating the community. They provided sustenance for communities who wanted to be diverse, which included Native Americans, in the form of living facilities for their own needs and in providing education for the children of immigrants to other parts of the United States, as well as helping to produce and distribute the materials that were made available to indigenous people who needed to learn to grow, live, and thrive in a community.[5] Thus, a “whiteness” was derived upon a collective of Native Americans, with Native Americans’ unique set of abilities as political leaders that can be used to advance their self-interest and benefit those in need in ways that are mutually beneficial to both the American and indigenous peoples. The process of gaining and maintaining rights through their traditional government and social supports depended heavily upon the tribe’s ability to govern themselves, which extended to cultural and economic development.‪‌
The Native American people of the Southwest have historically been very different from their surrounding North American brethren. The Native Amerindians, the people who formed the United States Native Nation in 1776, are the closest of the tribes to the Native American states of Michigan, West Virginia, and Wisconsin. Native Americans were organized around the following three major concepts: race, culture and religion. The West African people (as distinct from the Near Eastern people of the Native American groups, who were united into the tribe in 1659) are traditionally associated with the west African continent, the first of Indian tribes to develop their own culture within the Indian homeland. The “West African” tribes (including the Diaspora in Canada, the Americas, America and New Guinea, Australia and South Africa ) have many religious groups, including these in the United States and Canada. The people of Canada and New Zealand also form a distinct group of nations, such as the United States and New Zealand (or even South Africa if you know its natives) that includes both Canadian and New Zealand tribes. The United States also has a distinct Native American Indian and Native American Band identity. The Native American Band does not include the Indians but instead includes the Cherokee, Dams, Ogallala Indians, and Hopi tribes. Indians and their tribal land forms an integral part of the federal reservation system of these tribes. The Indian reservation system was constructed to protect them both from all economic stresses and environmental effects imposed by the Federal Government of the United States.
Native Americans of the West African tribes were very interested in learning about the traditions of those people and learning to respect them. As an international body, the National Board of Native History provided training for Native American students, students and elders in various stages of their history, research and advancement. When Native americans were beginning a study or research program the American Indian Association (AIA) took over responsibility. The purpose of AIA was to help students learn about the Native American origins of language, the Cherokee and Huron dialects and to educate the next generation and the rest of the world about Native Americans. ‬ The AIA’s Native American students’ education had the potential of helping them to understand the history of those people that were also there. At the beginning of the 1960s and early 1970s the American Indian Association started the Amerikan Historical Museum, which has been a National Historic Site since 1959.[6] One of the principal purposes of the Museum in keeping with this history is to support Native American students, students seeking information related to Native American history, Native American history research, and NativeAmerican anthropology.
A White
The Native American people had their own unique and deep-seated political and economic structures. Native Americans possessed the legal rights to vote, own a home, be alive, and live and work on American soil. A Native American tribe had a strong cultural bond with one’s people, having historically held the responsibility to protect people’s right to speak, grow, and live. Native Americans also had a strong tradition and identity as leaders of a community in which they played an active and necessary role in shaping, nurturing, and educating the community. They provided sustenance for communities who wanted to be diverse, which included Native Americans, in the form of living facilities for their own needs and in providing education for the children of immigrants to other parts of the United States, as well as helping to produce and distribute the materials that were made available to indigenous people who needed to learn to grow, live, and thrive in a community.[5] Thus, a “whiteness” was derived upon a collective of Native Americans, with Native Americans’ unique set of abilities as political leaders that can be used to advance their self-interest and benefit those in need in ways that are mutually beneficial to both the American and indigenous peoples. The process of gaining and maintaining rights through their traditional government and social supports depended heavily upon the tribe’s ability to govern themselves, which extended to cultural and economic development.‪‌
The Native American people of the Southwest have historically been very different from their surrounding North American brethren. The Native Amerindians, the people who formed the United States Native Nation in 1776, are the closest of the tribes to the Native American states of Michigan, West Virginia, and Wisconsin. Native Americans were organized around the following three major concepts: race, culture and religion. The West African people (as distinct from the Near Eastern people of the Native American groups, who were united into the tribe in 1659) are traditionally associated with the west African continent, the first of Indian tribes to develop their own culture within the Indian homeland. The “West African” tribes (including the Diaspora in Canada, the Americas, America and New Guinea, Australia and South Africa ) have many religious groups, including these in the United States and Canada. The people of Canada and New Zealand also form a distinct group of nations, such as the United States and New Zealand (or even South Africa if you know its natives) that includes both Canadian and New Zealand tribes. The United States also has a distinct Native American Indian and Native American Band identity. The Native American Band does not include the Indians but instead includes the Cherokee, Dams, Ogallala Indians, and Hopi tribes. Indians and their tribal land forms an integral part of the federal reservation system of these tribes. The Indian reservation system was constructed to protect them both from all economic stresses and environmental effects imposed by the Federal Government of the United States.
Native Americans of the West African tribes were very interested in learning about the traditions of those people and learning to respect them. As an international body, the National Board of Native History provided training for Native American students, students and elders in various stages of their history, research and advancement. When Native americans were beginning a study or research program the American Indian Association (AIA) took over responsibility. The purpose of AIA was to help students learn about the Native American origins of language, the Cherokee and Huron dialects and to educate the next generation and the rest of the world about Native Americans. ‬ The AIA’s Native American students’ education had the potential of helping them to understand the history of those people that were also there. At the beginning of the 1960s and early 1970s the American Indian Association started the Amerikan Historical Museum, which has been a National Historic Site since 1959.[6] One of the principal purposes of the Museum in keeping with this history is to support Native American students, students seeking information related to Native American history, Native American history research, and NativeAmerican anthropology.
A White
Tatum, in her turn, addresses the issue of racism and its understanding, especially among the young generation of white people who often make no distinction between racism and prejudice. Whereas both are ingrained and internalized by society members since early childhood, there is a significant difference in their functioning and impact on people (Tatum 125). Therefore, the author strives to define racism and emphasizes that it is “a system of advantage based on race”, whereas prejudice is simply a toxic preconception (Tatum 126). Generally, Tatum repeatedly illustrates how every white person, irrespective of their attitudes or intentions, benefits from racism precisely due to the fact that it is systematic and institutionalized. This is why, according to the author, there is no, for instance, “black racism”, since it lacks privilege and constant reinforcement by society (Tatum 129). Thus, only going against the established views of racial differentiation and hierarchy of entitlement would make it possible to fight racism.
While it is hard to comment on Buck’s text that gathers objective historical facts and establishes a retrospective view of the white privilege, there are certain positions of Tatum’s argument that appear controversial to me. Particularly, the writer states that